1- Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2- دکتوراه اللغة العربیة وآدابها
3- PhD student in Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. ,www.joseph.mitaghi@gmail.com
2- دکتوراه اللغة العربیة وآدابها
3- PhD student in Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. ,
Abstract: (352 Views)
Existentialism emerged as a result of the two world wars that left darkness and doubt in our world. rather, it was linked to novels and short stories since its beginning. Mustafa Mahmoud had extensive intellectual and philosophical contributions to his literature. Based on this, the research attempts to study the novel “The Impossible” by Mustafa Mahmoud according to the existentialist doctrine, using the descriptive, analytical, and philosophical approach. The results show that Mustafa Mahmoud tried to show the most important existentialist conflicts in the novel “The Impossible”; Anxiety appeared in the adventures of the novel's characters, as "Helmy" and "Fatima" attempted to escape anxiety by forgetting, gambling, and sexual relations. The source of anxiety was in the personal decisions and multiple desires of the two heroes. As for freedom, it appeared in two contradictory forms: the image of paternal authority rooted in the novel's society, and the liberated vision standing against prevailing norms and laws. From the absence of freedom came the birth of alienation, the monotony of the hero, and his laziness. There is a close connection between self-confidence, the lack of transparent feelings, non-normativity, and deviation from society and its morals, and the separation of the individual and his alienation from himself and from society. Likewise, the relationship between the self and the other appeared in a dialectical form full of quarrels and continuous conflicts in the family within the novel's society.
Keywords: Arabic Narratology, existentialism, freedom, conflict, Mustafa Mahmoud, the novel “The Impossible”.
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