Zohreh Ghorbani Madavani, Masoumeh Mikaeili,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (12-2022)
Abstract
A significant concern in literary studies is the rights and status of women. The image of women in literature is affected by cultural and social realities, and in turn, can change these realities. This showcases the importance of novels that address feminism from perspectives. The Blue-Collar Girl narrates the outbreak of an epidemy in the future that affects women’s life and causes important changes in the world. These changes create new limitations for some women that deprive them of basic life rights including family life, education, work, and marriage. This study, adopting a descriptive-analytical framework, examines the continuous and multi-faceted oppression of women and the distinctive image of women in The Blue-Collar Girl to showcase the role of women in liberating women from oppression. It finds that, in terms of characterizing a female heroine, the novel presents a distinctive image of women underpinned by courage, strength, hard work, rescue, self-reliance and other positive characteristics. Such a heroine image liberates women from slavery and oppression in order to reclaim their deprived rights. The novel implies that submission deprives people of their rights.
Naeem Amouri, جواد سعدون زاده, Yousef Motaqiannia,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (9-1983)
Abstract
Existentialism emerged as a result of the two world wars that left darkness and doubt in our world. rather, it was linked to novels and short stories since its beginning. Mustafa Mahmoud had extensive intellectual and philosophical contributions to his literature. Based on this, the research attempts to study the novel “The Impossible” by Mustafa Mahmoud according to the existentialist doctrine, using the descriptive, analytical, and philosophical approach. The results show that Mustafa Mahmoud tried to show the most important existentialist conflicts in the novel “The Impossible”; Anxiety appeared in the adventures of the novel's characters, as "Helmy" and "Fatima" attempted to escape anxiety by forgetting, gambling, and sexual relations. The source of anxiety was in the personal decisions and multiple desires of the two heroes. As for freedom, it appeared in two contradictory forms: the image of paternal authority rooted in the novel's society, and the liberated vision standing against prevailing norms and laws. From the absence of freedom came the birth of alienation, the monotony of the hero, and his laziness. There is a close connection between self-confidence, the lack of transparent feelings, non-normativity, and deviation from society and its morals, and the separation of the individual and his alienation from himself and from society. Likewise, the relationship between the self and the other appeared in a dialectical form full of quarrels and continuous conflicts in the family within the novel's society.
