Studies in

The work searches for the structure of the event and its analogies in the text, trying to benefit from (Todorov's) study of patterns, which were identified by three styles: (inclusion, rotation and succession). The problem is related to uncovering the origins of the creative fictional text through the structural approach, in order to open a new horizon for analyzing the fictional text, which makes the text more effective. The revolution of Imam Hussein, peace be upon him, is eternally immortal, not dead after successive ages, and it will not be forgotten, but rather becomes more lenient. Over the years. And the immortality of the Hussaini Revolution lies in many reasons, including its reform goal and its wise leadership, then its humanity, which it draws from values ​​and ideals, and the Hussaini Councils have a great impact on their perpetuation, especially in the days of Muharram and Safar, and these councils include preaching and counseling, knowledge of legislation and what a person needs in terms of science and concepts. Other, and the imams (peace be upon them) emphasized the revival and establishment of these councils in order to reinforce the eternity of the goals of Imam Hussein, peace be upon him, and his revolution.

Arab women’s diasporic writing features a wide array of voices who rewrite the history of Arab diaspora in European countries. The voice of Iman Mersal and May Telmissany is very unique in Egyptian writings. Their works convey a different view of the Self and use literary techniques that invest in this experience to create a multitude of new visions to understand diaspora , given how they are humanist existential experiences that allow the artist to reconcile with the past, This study we will focus on analyzing  the use of the "photographic technique” as a tool of recalling home in as an example of Modern Egyptian Diaspora Literature to emphasize that recalling images of the past is a human psychological need for both modern and primitive humans. It bridges the gap created by alienation and deepened by diaspora and helps them overcome being uprooted from their birthplace and culture. To avoid an existential crisis, human beings create a state of recollection of that lost time through art, literature and legends. In this context, we are attempting to read the images of diaspora and alienation as expressed in standing by the ruins of old homes and recalling the past as a literary theme and deeply rooted poetic Arabic tradition. In this context, we are attempting to read the images of diaspora and alienation as expressed in standing by the ruins of old homes and recalling the past as a literary theme and deeply rooted poetic Arabic tradition.

Sahar Khalifa, a contemporary Palestinian novelist, is one of the prominent novelists of the Arab world. His novels have gained wide fame all over the world due to the reflection of Palestinian realities, especially resistance, social and women's issues, as well as due to the use of an attractive and effective language structure. In Al-Sabbar (1967), Khalifa deals with the issues that the Palestinian society encountered. She uses a linguistic structure that is often distinct in all kinds of narrations. This study examines the novel’s distinct narrative characteristics based on Abdul Malik Murtad’s classification. The study finds that Sahar Khalifa has used all the narrative forms proposed by Abdul malik Mortad, namely narrative texture, dialogue. and monologue. Also, he has used all narrative pronouns (third person, second person and first person) in her novel, and the third person pronoun is the most used in the narration of event. In addition, in the narrative based on the third person pronoun, he often relies on medium eloquent language, and when he decides to emphasize more on drawing the dialogue space of the two sides in the narrative, he fluctuate between using eloquent language and simple (colloquial) dialect, but when the time comes the characters have dialogue with each other, the uneducated characters often use street slang and the educated characters use eloquent and simple language.