Showing 28 results for Narrative
Karima Nomas Muhammad Al-Madani,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (8-2020)
Abstract
The importance of this research is the study of the quality of stylistic features in Iraqi narrative texts. This research examines stylistic and narrative features of Khan al-Shabandar novel. The art of fiction has a close relationship with sociocultural contexts of Arab countries, especially Iraq which has experienced destruction, lack of security and stability, division, sectarianism, exile and murder which are the products of wars. Issues of war and massacre constitute the main bulk of the oeuvre of contemporary Iraqi novelists, issues which have left significant effect on psyche of authors who combine the pain of war with the blood of the innocent people. As a result, they have begun to write down the sufferings of the country. Their fiction is the result of a true imitation of the truth with all its pains and sufferings and the ugliness of murder and terror. In fact, the creative writing of contemporary Iraqi authors shows the awareness of the danger of violence in all its dimensions. In Khan al-Shabandar novel, numerous scenes of violence reflect a bitter reality, a bitter reality which portrays bloody scenes of street explosions, destroyed buildings, the spread of fear, terror, repression, and explosions— as if the country has become a scene of war. This research seeks to examine the rhythm of events and time in the selected novel, paying attention to words of violence. It also tries to examine the context of the narrative. It might be suggested that the novel teems with rhetorical questions and command. The events, which narrate a fearful experience of a real context, are narrated based on the poetics of a rhetorical (dramatic) question.
Dr.karim Taibi,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
This study aims to observe the nature of the ancient Arabic narrative, and on the basis of the narrative analytical method, by studying the feature of the encyclopedia that normalizes the ancient Arabic prose texts in a striking way, indicating the richness and abundance of knowledge, and the extension and bifurcation of the knowledge in the culture of the Arab writer. We have followed this feature in the book “Al-Imtāʿ wa al-Mu’ānasa” by Abu Hayyan al-Tawhidi as a discourse based on the encyclopedic narrative, to know its manifestations, forms and functions. Al-Tawhidi's bet on achieving the goal of sitting with the minister is to be entertaining and enlightening, which justifies the speaker’s negotiation about what will prevent him from achieving this goal, and his request to overcome the obstacles that would disturb him during the performance of his mission. We understand from this the desire of Al-Tawhidi to harness all his encyclopedic capabilities and cultural qualifications to achieve the goal of "conversation and socialization", and the appearance of an encyclopedic writer is only a form of influence, as the speaker's goal is to provoke feelings of approval and satisfaction with Minister Ibn Saadan. The encyclopedic picture of the speaker, although it is a feature that characterizes the prose of the monotheism in its entirety, in the context of the gambling it was linked to the function of deliberative conduct, as the speaker intends to perform his educational and entertaining functions that were entrusted to him, so that he attains the approval of the Minister Ibn Saadan, and achieves favor in his council, and one of the documents brings us closer to this feature.
Mina Nikjo, Dr. Robabe Ramezani ,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Narratology concerns a set of principle about narrative styles, the systems that govern narrative or storytelling, and plot structure. Narration is a kind of two-layered time-sequence: the time of narration and the narrative time. One of the important issues addressed by structuralist theory is the relationship between time and narrative, or crystallization of time within the narrative. Gérard Genette, Vladimir Propp, Grimas, and Tsveton Todorov are pioneers of this structuralist approach, who developed the study of narration in literature. Genet proposed five important narrative elements for analyzing the structures of literary texts: order, anachrony, continuity, frequency and narrative time. Colette El Khoury is prolific writer who has written significant short stories including “The Female Word”, “The Years of Love and War”, and “The Fragrant Dates, My Fingers Will Touch the Sun”. Addressing issues like history and issue of women Colette El Khoury does not follow the natural and linear flow of events. He uses anachronic techniques such as flash back and flash forward to create suspense in her stories. Also, frequency and continuity play an important role in her stories. Such innovative narrative techniques can be used in roder to analyze classic literary text from a new angle.
Ms Samaneh Moosapoor, Dr. Youssef Hadipour,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
One of the important elements in the story is the utterances of fictional characters as they illuminate the words, thoughts, and personality of the characters. Utterances are conveyed to readers via narrators, which is subsumed under the rubric of “narrative style” that determines the relationship between the narrator and characters. Adrakha Al-nassian, a realistic novel by the contemporary Jordanian writer Sanaa Al-Shalan, has taken advantage of narrative techniques in relation to characters and events and draws on the five narrative methods in order to depict political atmosphere in Syria. The objective of this descriptive-analytical study is to determine the extent to which Shalaan uses each of these methods in different fictional contexts, as each is used for a specific purpose on behalf the writer. It is observed that the use of narrative methods starts with the dominance of the narrator in the story and ends with the complete domination of characters. Narrative report is often used in the case of observing brevity and avoiding detailed descriptions of events while direct utterance is used in order to explain the psychological and cognitive dimension of characters, depicting their inner feelings in dealing with social realities.
Auras Nassif Jassim Mohammed ,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
The hero is the main character in an imaginary story. The use of this term has decreased in modern narrative studies, because of its ambiguity and the difficulty in knowing it. And the presence of the main narrative actor in the days of the Arabs in general, and the audience of Ibn Sheba in particular - along with other characters - is more important than the event in the narrative structure of the news sometimes.
I divided the research into two axes, according to the types of narrative actor in the book of Jamharat Ibn Shabba: The first of them was concerned with the disclosure of the fair narrative actor, and what he obtained from a cultural absence that was practiced by the authoritarian culture discourse, and represents this hero (Al-Barraq bin Rouhan), and the second axis of the research has been presented Dualism (steadfastness and transformation) in the personality of the narrative actor, represented by two characters (Kulaib and Muhallal).
Majid Saleh Bek, Shahrzad Amirsoleymani,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
In general,this research seeks to reveal the concept of critical discourse and its mechanism in the novel Sons of the Wind written by Laila Atrash.The point of view of narrative discourse fluctuates between the narrative content and its narrative components and the critical view of the novelist about the facts of her life which is published in the form of discourse in her work.The basis of critical discourse studies is the examination of the relationship between discourse and power,or between discourse and society in general,and it is considered one of the definite matters of its research.Norman Fairclough`s theory is a social cognitive model that deals with the critical analysis of texts.It deals ith the text as a literary text and as a discourse affected by the social context and influencing it.Therefore, the basis of this researh is to link presentation with analysis through Fairclough`s critical discourse analysis approach,an approach based on which language use is a communicative event that includes three dimensions.The first dimension is textual and is based on linguistic and formal features from which the discourse of the novel is derived.The second dimension is a discourse that includes the process of producing,expanding and using the text.And the third dimension is social and cultural,which is based on the interpretations and its relationship with the social context during the creation of the textT and Through that the external context affecting the text is analyzed.The results of this reserch,after applying the criteria of Fairclough`s theory in the novel Sons of the wind,are such that language means words,constructions,text structure and textual coherence towards changing the previous values of the society and imposing new values that are conflict with the wrong behavior of organizations and people of the society towards children living in orphanages and have tried to change the strict laws of the Ministry of Development.In the stage of interpretation,the narrator has described the climate governing the society through clear and obvious discourse that is in agreement with his ideology.In the formation explanation stage,he specifies that the living conditions of childeren in orphanages and their problems in society are among the effective factorse in the of the novel`s main discourse.
----- Zahra Safarpoor, Dr Akram Roshanfekr, Dr Amir Hossein Rasulnia, Dr Mohsen Saifi,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
The novel is not only a type of narrative; Rather, on the occasion of benefiting from writing techniques, it has a full capacity for analysis based on contemporary critical theories, because if its structure is mounted in a correct way, it will be fully capable of layering. The underlying parts of its superstructure can be better charted based on structural analysis. In the meantime, Todorov's theory, with the collective wisdom of structuralists, provides a precise engineering system for analyzing the novel. Todorov considers three levels in the geometry of the novel. The first level is the text of the novel, which is provided by the storage of words of the author in the pages of the novel, and the words are coded according to the author's ability, and according to his innovation, they sit side by side in such a way that understanding them is crucial. It requires technical skills. That's why, in examining the text, one should focus on the writing techniques and techniques so that by recognizing the common points, the differences can be identified and the author's artistic performances in the text can be identified. Apart from the text, the second level of the geometry of the novel, from Todorov's point of view, are the series (progresses). This article aims to analyze the novel Harith al-Miyyah by Hoda Barakat in a descriptive-analytical way, based on Todorov's narrative series. The most important result is that this novel was written with a main series, a secondary series, and a semi-series with a narrative interior, and alternation in the narration. Harith al-Miyah also shows a full capacity in adapting Todorov's narrative aspects, because it has news and non-news aspects and various examples in non-news types, including desire, in two mandatory and wishful types, and hypothetical in two conditional types and The forecast is found in it.
Dr Ali Sayadani , Dr Parviz Ahmadzdeh Hoj, - Shahla Heidari,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (10-2022)
Abstract
Since the novel has a role in influencing the reader, novelists use it to express the realities of life. And in order to be able to increase the effectiveness, they use the five senses in expressing events. But the issue of this effectiveness was not specifically considered in the discussions of researchers like other topics. Therefore, in this research, we chose Jalal Burgess's novel "Dafatir Al-warraq" as a model to examine the sensory mechanisms in the depiction of events that are harmoniously placed in the narrative parts of this novel. And we examine this research by considering the equivalent of the sense of sight and hearing in a descriptive and analytical way. It was concluded that the author connected the senses of his novel text with the living reality with this match to depict the relationship between them more. On the one hand, this case was intended to increase the sphere of influence on the receiver and on the other hand, to create the integration of two different worlds such as the narrative world and the realistic world. The distribution between peer emotions in realistic and virtual divided aspects led to aesthetic representations. which was placed in its concepts to create mutual dependence between two different parties, and Burgess was successful in expressing this fusion of imagination and reality in the novel Events.
Saeid Savari,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (12-2022)
Abstract
Literary genres in the contemporary period, especially since the use of narrative techniques by contemporary poets, have got intertwined, and poets have used narrative techniques for aesthetic purposes and connecting them with meaning in poetry. With regard to this, this study examines the contemporary prose-odes of Ibrahim Nasrallah and the interaction between contemporary poetry and narrative techniques in order to analyze their aesthetic and semantic features. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical framework in order to both extract narrative techniques from contemporary prose odes and explain why the poet does not depart from the structure of poetry and prose odes despite the use of story-telling techniques. It finds that the mixture of real and emotional dimensions in Ibrahim Nasrallah’s poetry is due to the Palestine case which forms the main real part of his poetry. The poet's narrative techniques are aesthetic devices to communicate the aesthetic and semantic dimensions of his odes. In this regard, the poet’s poetry responded to narrative elements, built upon several techniques and methods that express his vision, ideas, and emotional state. His style consists of literary aesthetic and semantic development in order to cover spaces, contexts, and semantic gaps, as well as a dense plurality of transferring images and narrative profiles in order to expand the poetic text towards worldview.
Mohammad Ghafourifar, Israa Abdulhasan Abdulkareem Al-Mimar, Malek Salemi,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (10-2022)
Abstract
Ibn Sharaf al-Qayrawani is considered as one of the most famous writers on the subject of writing maqama, in which he draws inspiration from literary techniques such as allusions, proverbs, grammatical and jurisprudential riddles, and others. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, tries to analyze her artistic and creative features in writing maqama by examining the narrative structure in Ibn Sharaf al-Qirwani’s authorities and narrative factors. The study finds that considering narrative elements, Ibn Sharaf al-Qairwani has a special skill in presenting fictional characters both directly and indirectly. Also, the structure of time is consistent with the artistic rhythm of maqamah. In addition, he excels in structuring the plot by presenting events in a somewhat coherent form.
Kobra Roshanfekr, Nazal Hasan Jatool, Hadi Nazarimonazam, Maha Halal Mohammad,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (12-2023)
Abstract
As each text is essentially a mosaic made up of quotations from other texts, intertextuality indicates the presence of multiple voices in literary texts. A given text, accordingly, is purely a reproduction of previous cumulative experiences, collected and coalesced into the new textual structure which dwells on previous texts that were disparate, multiple, and diverse in nature. Every text is intertextual, because the text appears in a world full of texts (previous texts, texts surrounding it, and others present in it), and its central strategy is deconstruction for rebuilding.
Zineh Erfatpour,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (4-2024)
Abstract
|
Spring (2024) Vol 5, No. 12, pp. 69-92
|
Sahar Khalifa, a contemporary Palestinian novelist, is one of the prominent novelists of the Arab world. His novels have gained wide fame all over the world due to the reflection of Palestinian realities, especially resistance, social and women's issues, as well as due to the use of an attractive and effective language structure. In Al-Sabbar (1967), Khalifa deals with the issues that the Palestinian society encountered. She uses a linguistic structure that is often distinct in all kinds of narrations. This study examines the novel’s distinct narrative characteristics based on Abdul Malik Murtad’s classification. The study finds that Sahar Khalifa has used all the narrative forms proposed by Abdul malik Mortad, namely narrative texture, dialogue. and monologue. Also, he has used all narrative pronouns (third person, second person and first person) in her novel, and the third person pronoun is the most used in the narration of event. In addition, in the narrative based on the third person pronoun, he often relies on medium eloquent language, and when he decides to emphasize more on drawing the dialogue space of the two sides in the narrative, he fluctuate between using eloquent language and simple (colloquial) dialect, but when the time comes the characters have dialogue with each other, the uneducated characters often use street slang and the educated characters use eloquent and simple language.
Golafrooz Mohebbi, Amir Hossein Rasoulnia, Ruhollah Sayadinejad,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (4-2024)
Abstract
Sahar Khalifa, a contemporary Palestinian novelist, is one of the prominent novelists of the Arab world. His novels have gained wide fame all over the world due to the reflection of Palestinian realities, especially resistance, social and women's issues, as well as due to the use of an attractive and effective language structure. In Al-Sabbar (1967), Khalifa deals with the issues that the Palestinian society encountered. She uses a linguistic structure that is often distinct in all kinds of narrations. This study examines the novel’s distinct narrative characteristics based on Abdul Malik Murtad’s classification. The study finds that Sahar Khalifa has used all the narrative forms proposed by Abdul malik Mortad, namely narrative texture, dialogue. and monologue. Also, he has used all narrative pronouns (third person, second person and first person) in her novel, and the third person pronoun is the most used in the narration of event. In addition, in the narrative based on the third person pronoun, he often relies on medium eloquent language, and when he decides to emphasize more on drawing the dialogue space of the two sides in the narrative, he fluctuate between using eloquent language and simple (colloquial) dialect, but when the time comes the characters have dialogue with each other, the uneducated characters often use street slang and the educated characters use eloquent and simple language.
Maedeh Zohriarab, Raja Abuali ,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (6-2024)
Abstract
The postmodern novel is characterized by a set of distinct features. This research examines the representation of fragmentation within the postmodern novel, as numerous postmodern authors have employed this innovative narrative technique to disrupt the narrative arc and dismantle the organized linear structure of storytelling. The fragmented novel plays a significant role in postmodern literature, offering a new perspective that accords with the demands of contemporary society due to its capacity to establish conventions that diverge from traditional norms. From this perspective, fragmentation is a pivotal characteristic of the postmodern novel, reflecting a departure from established traditions and a move away from regularity, coherence, and codification within the narrative. This deviation represents a profound means of broadening the scope of the novel. Khalil Sweileh’s The Writer of Love exemplifies the postmodern novel, incorporating various forms of fragmentation within its narrative. The significance of this research is underscored by the fact that Sweileh’s novel offers a compelling exploration of the fragmentation and disarray prevalent in society. It serves as a commentary on the human condition in a world marked by division and inconsistency. Through a descriptive-analytical examination of this novel, we identified several prominent features of fragmentation, including disjointed plot development, a fragmented spatiotemporal structure, a lack of cohesive narrative, the author’s liberation from conventional constraints, and varied writing styles. Furthermore, we concluded that fragmentation symbolizes chaos and the disjointed existence experienced by the characters, each of whom is caught between their past and present, as well as between their desires and reality. The disorder and confusion in time and space reflect the uncertainty and instability of the self.
Shaker Amery, Ali Shahriari,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (1-2025)
Abstract
In presenting events, a writer heavily relies on conflict which is considered the main driving force of the fictional work. Conflict is a key element in dramatic texts and plays an important role in developing events in them. It reveals the differences arising from conflicting opinions and viewpoints among the characters regarding a particular issue or idea between the characters of the play. This research, based on a descriptive-analytical method, aims to study the conflict in Tawfiq al-Hakim’s Ya Tali’ al-Shajara. This play is one of the first plays written in an absurd style in Arabic literature, depicting events in an absurd manner. The play presented a new concept of the internal conflict and specific worldview of its characters. It appears that Al-Hakim paid great attention to the psychological dimensions of the characters in this play, a hallmark of the theater of the absurd. Al-Hakim skillfully used all kinds of conflict in the play, although the internal conflict was more evident in it. The conflict in this play is not between human desires but between abstract mental positions and ideas, represented by contrasting pairs such as dream and reality, fantasy and reality, immortality and annihilation.
Raja Abuali, Ahmad Arefi,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (1-2025)
Abstract
Baudrillard claims that politicians who secretly and openly control people distort the truth through technological tools, media, brands, consumer culture, politics, and other factors. This distortion, by creating false informational facts that cause conflict and a dialectical duality between truth and hyperreality, has become a tool for controlling human minds and stripping them of their will. In this context, victory lies with the dominant reality constructed by major stakeholders, business creators, and capitalists who promote their industrial products, as well as the energy consumers and thought controllers. The novel Shifa: The Small Century Manuscript is a science fiction work in which the author addresses the issue of technology and media that distort the truth. This study analyzes the novel using a descriptive-analytical method and employing Baudrillard’s theory along with linguistic and narrative techniques. It concludes that the author uses postmodern techniques to construct hyperreality and discusses the destructive technologies of the U.S. government that conceal scientific and security secrets. These secrets are ultimately revealed by Isaac Jamil, the novel’s protagonist, following his terrestrial and space travels with a scientific mission team by UFO. Upon his return, he is detained by the U.S. government to prevent the disclosure of secrets among the public, and his character is transformed into a passive and weak individual through torture with contemporary technological mechanisms. In the novel, hyperreality is constructed through mechanisms such as technology, media, alienation, ambiguity, simulation, hybridization, wonder, estrangement, events, characters, language, image dominance, space and time, and power. This indicates a lack of democracy and the dominance of power, transcending reality and entering an imperceptible and supernatural world.
Yosra Shadman, Nemat Azizi, Kholud Khazir Abed,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (4-2025)
Abstract
Heritage constitutes a prominent part of Ahmed bin Alwan’s poetry due to his love for heritage on the one hand and his desire to communicate with his Islamic audience and the Arab intellectual on the other hand. Therefore, he used inheritance in a collection of poems. This study attempts to shed light on the evocation of inheritance and its aesthetic and semantic role in his poetry through by using a descriptive-analytical framework. It examines the numerous manifestations of intertextuality in the poetry of Ahmed bin Alwen as he draws on heritage in its various types in his collections. Intertextuality was divided into types: Qur’anic and narrative intertextuality out of which religious intertextuality evolves. There are also three types of artistic intertextuality: dialogic, absorptive, and ruminate. The poet used religious intertextuality for many purposes, the most prominent of which was the sanctification of some figures such as Idris (peace be upon him) and Ahl al - Bayt. The poet’s utilized religious intertextuality to reveal ancient Islamic glory with the aim of linking the nation’s present with its antiquity.
Monireh Zibaei, Ibrahim Ali Naithal Al-Gharabi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (4-2025)
Abstract
As fiction revolves around characters, events, and settings, it seems that narratology can arguably provide a critical perspective to examine its different layers. The analysis of a literary text’s narrative structure potentially yields new dimensions to literary studies. Thistles and Cloves is a particular case in point, which has attracted considerable readership in recent years. The novel bitterly narrates the suffering and oppression inflicted on Palestinians. This study has appointed this novel as its case study in that it provides a historical rendition of Palestine. Also, the novel is equipped with idiosyncratic narrative components that should be decoded. Hence, the researchers draw on a narrative approach to address the novelist’s utilization of narrative components to display the tragic reality of Palestine. This study finds that the novelist has effectively employed particular narrative elements and factors to create an entertaining aura to highlight the significance of characters as the most essential narrative item. The author portrays parts of the history of the resistance and struggle of Palestinians against oppression and their struggle to liberate their country to show his devotion to his homeland.
Ginan Hussein Khenyab Al- Darraji, Bahar Seddighi, Ahmadreza Heidaryan Shahri,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (7-1983)
Abstract
The setting is one of the most important elements of a literary work, particularly in novels. It seeks to recreate reality and allows the reader to understand the novel's events and immerse themselves in it as if it were real, even though it is a product of imagination. This study aims to analyze the significance of the setting in Jabra's novels, intersecting with the perspectives of critic Jabra Ibrahim Jabra, exploring how the setting contributes to the construction of the novel and imbues it with symbolism and cultural meanings. Jandari noted that previous studies were limited to the physical aspects of the setting without examining its role within the text, failing to address questions about the setting within the narrative discourse to comprehend the novel's events. He argued that the concept of space should remain tied to reading, starting from the model rather than theory, to understand the unique ways in which Arabic literature conceptualizes these ideas. Researchers believe that studying the novelistic setting enriches discussions about literary texts, as literature relies on and is grounded in time to create its space and imagery. It also allows us to engage with broader issues related to the interplay of time and space in the studied novels, compared to their counterparts in historical reality, and the resulting challenges of textual-literary diagnosis about real-world referents.Examining the setting as a structural element in Jabra Ibrahim Jabra's novels is a pivotal aspect that lends artistic and cultural depth to the narrative text. It becomes evident that Jabra did not merely treat the setting as a narrative necessity but infused it with profound meanings that complement the characters and events, making the setting an active participant in the novel. The methodology adopted in this study is the structural-genetic approach, which incorporates critique and the addition of perspectives, as the critic revitalizes the methodology through their research style rather than confining themselves to its framework and terminology. The findings of this article suggest that Jandari's concept of novelistic space implies multiple meanings and dimensions. Critic Ibrahim Jandari believes that the study of spatial settings is achieved by examining these intellectual principles within the narrative text of the novel.
Abdoreza Naseri Asl, Hossein Mohtadi, Khodadad Bahri,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (7-1983)
Abstract
Since the Arabic novel reached an artistic level and realism emerged, albeit later than its Western counterpart, it became a medium that expresses many important issues in illustrating the lived reality of Arab societies. Resistance literature also emerged following the pivotal transformations in the Arab and Islamic world, especially after the setbacks suffered by Arab countries due to the Zionist invasion of Palestine and other Arab lands, and the oppression faced by Arab peoples both from tyrannical rulers at home and Zionist enemies who came from outside. This led to a strong connection between literature and social and political issues due to the impact that lived reality has on literary genres in general and the novel in particular. This connection is evident in the works of the Lebanese writer Abdel-Majid Zaraqet and his resistance literature novels. His novel *The Path of the Sun* is a prominent example of these transformations experienced by the region, including the oppression, invasion, and displacement endured by the Palestinian people and southern Lebanon during a certain period of the last century. The author lived through the conflicts and disasters faced by both peoples and experienced the ordeal of the Israeli invasion of southern Lebanon, which forced him to move from his village to the capital, Beirut. In this study, we employed a descriptive-analytical method to uncover the social reality in southern Lebanon and to examine how the author depicted the features of the narrative space, illustrated the social components in the village and the city, detailed the description of various places and their connection to events and characters, and showed the extent of the tragedies that befell the Lebanese people and the south as a result of the Israeli army’s attacks. army's attacks. It addresses topics related to the reality of social life.
