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Zohre Davari, Ali Asghar Habibi, Abdolbaset Arab Yousefabadi,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Autumn&Winter 2022)
Abstract

Today, psychological criticism is one of the important approaches of literary criticism. Psychological criticism is one of the important approaches in literary criticism. Karen Horney was one of Freud's students who despite being influenced by him, critiqued some of his theories. In "fundamental conflict" theory, Horney stated that mental illnesses are the consequence of violent and abnormal relationships of people with children. Therefore, according to Horne's theory, childhood is the most influential factor in the formation of personality types (the need for affection and approval; the need for social recognition, etc.), which has been widely used in literary analyses. In Naguib Mahfouz’s Palace Walk many characters suffer from internal conflicts which can by analyzed based on Horney’s ideas. Drawing on a descriptive-analytical framework, this study attempts to examine different psychological dimensions of one of the two main characters in Palace Walk. The study finds that Amina is an exemplar of affection-seeking personality as she bursts with submission and low self-confidence.
 

Dr Mojtaba Behroozi, Ali Asghar Habibi , Miss Mona Mortazavinasab,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract

The utilization of imaginative elements in literature intended for children and young adults constitutes a method employed by authors to address fundamental aspects of childhood, including the enhancement of imagination, fostering good behavior, instilling courage, and promoting wisdom. An illustration of this technique is evident in the folklore narrative titled "Mah Pishooni," which is shared across various literary works, emphasizing a fantastical approach. In this research, employing the descriptive-analytical method and drawing upon the American comparative literature school, an exploration is undertaken on the high fantasy genre within the children's narrative " Mah Pishooni" (known as Badr al-Budur in Arabic) as crafted by Persian and Arabic authors. The examination encompasses four stories contributed by four distinct writers: Fazlollah Mohtadi, Mitra Bayat, Yaqub al-Sharouni, and Kamil al-Kilani. The objective of this study is to scrutinize the distinctions and similarities among various subgenres of high fantasy, including gothic, didactic, animal, fairy, quest, allegorical fantasy, etc. within the specified statistical population. The findings of the study reveal that Persian stories exhibit a greater prevalence of high fantasy genres, surpassing Arabic stories by a factor of 4.7. Furthermore, among the stories analyzed, " Mah Pishooni based on Folklore" stands out as the most fantastical, boasting a frequency of 66 fantasy genres in the examined statistical population.
 

Raja Abu Ali, Akram Habibi Bardbouri,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract

The external layers of the text attract the attention of researchers in the study of literary texts, especially novels, And since “Gerargent” raised the issue of the textual layers of the text, this issue has become more prominent in critical fields. This article aims to understand the signs of the cover and its components in the novel “Nazif al-Hajr” by “Ebrahim Alkouni” a contemporary novelist. Therefore, this article studies all the components of the book cover, including the :color, title, and the photo on the cover, Because the cover of this novel contains semiotic meanings that deserve to be investigated and researched, And examining the cover of this novel shows that the author does not choose the cover of her book without reason, Rather, the novelist has goals in choosing the cover of his novel, and this research shows that the cover of this novel covers all the events of the novel. As the cover of this novel shows the goals and important events of the novel such as: totemism and the relationship between man and the  totem, The reason for choosing this novel and studying its cover is that the cover in this novel is a strong focus on storing the inner text. The approach followed in this article is the analytical descriptive approach in the light of “Gerargent's theory”, which is related to the book cover, The cover of this novel reflects the meanings of murder, violence, blood, suffering and pain. Among the most important findings of the article: the photo on the cover of the novel depicts the intimate relationship between the animal (mountain goat) and “Asoof” (the hero of the novel), red color is the only dominant color in the cover of this novel. It is a symbol of killing and blood, and the title has been successful in drawing the important concepts of the text, both at the linguistic, metaphorical and figurative levels.


Zahra Asadi, Aliasghar Habibi, Abdolhamid Ahmadi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (4-2025)
Abstract

Novels can be categorized into different types based on their content. One category is the historical novel which examines historical events/issues from a realistic perspective. In this type of novel, the writer presents historical facts intertwined with imagination, reshaping history in a new and appealing form. It can be argued that the blend of historical facts and literary imagination is one of the most important characteristics that has attracted various classes of society to such novels and has made these novels easily comprehensible to them. This study examines two novels written by Naguib Mahfouz (Egypt) and Ibrahim Modarresi (Iran) based on historical events. The two writers artistically depict historical documents as they are familiar with the ancient history of their countries. Therefore, and due to the importance of research in historical novels, this study aims to explore the characteristics of historical novels in Mahfouz’s Radobis and Ibrahim Modrresi’s Bride of Madaen, by building on comparative literature theory. The results indicate that the writer’s extensive attention to the historical dimension in Bride of Madaen brings it closer to historical writings while in Radobis, the writer focused more on the artistic and imaginative aspects, making it more artistic than historical.


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