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Showing 2 results for Rajabi

Mohammad Naderi, Akram Roshanfekr, Farhad Rajabi,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (12-2023)
Abstract

As a form of narration characterized by various writing techniques, the novel can be analyzed from different critical perspectives. Gérard Genette, drawing on several theorists, studies the function of time in the novel by presenting a salient structural model that can be used to examine its presentation in a given literary text. This study examines the structure of time in Fazl Mokhadar’s Eskandarone based on Genette’s framework. Throughout the novel, the author employs a standard speed of time by creating dialogue between the narrator-protagonist and minor characters. The writer also fills the gap in time by using analepsis in connecting the events and the minor heroes. However, it is possible to observe anachrony in the narrative structure as the narrator sometimes narrates the events in terms of analepsis. Moreover, the author speeds up the narration by eliminating/summarizing events and slows the narration through pauses. This study finds that Eskandarone enjoys a regular and ordered temporal structure which is created by the narrator. The most important aspect of the narrative is its open-ended form as the narrator ends the novel by prolepsis. The novel, accordingly, oscillates between standard and negative narrative speed.


Farhad Rajabi, Milad Tajrobehkar,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (4-2025)
Abstract

Social agents play an important role in shaping a text or discourse. They are central to its meaning and purpose. However, little attention has been paid to how they are represented in literary texts. Van Leeuwen argues that agents are represented in two main ways: exclusion and inclusion. Each has its own subcategories. Understanding these representations helps to reveal underlying discourses in a text. This article studies The Baghdad Clock novel by the Iraqi author Shahad Al-Rawi as a research project to examine the representation of social agents in it. It will also identify and introduce the main functions of these social agents that passes through the underlying layer of the story. This research aims to understand different discourses in the novel. It also examines the socio-semantic functions that these agents signify through their representation. The results show that the author uses various methods of representation. However, the focus is more on inclusion than exclusion to describe the tragedies of Iraqi people. Among the inclusion strategies, partial identification is emphasized the most. It highlights movement and dynamism in the story, despite themes of war, destruction, and occupation. This research follows a descriptive-analytical approach.


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