Showing 6 results for Mohtadi
Hossein Mohtadi, Rodayna Jaber, Kahlil Boujahjah,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Autumn&Winter 2022)
Abstract
The End of a Brave Man addresses the issue of childhood and its effect on the individual's personality, considering the great impact that harsh upbringing has on the psyche of children, in addition to the impact of society and peers on them. The significance of studying the novel from a psychological point of view is twofold: on the one hand, the author of the novel is one of the leaders of contemporary Arab novelists and, on the other hand, the focus of the story is on the importance of childhood in building a person's character. Accordingly, this study pinpoints the impact of childhood on Mufid al-Wahsh, the protagonist of the novel. The main question that this research addresses is that what are the most important environmental factors affecting the development of Mofid al-Wahsh's personality? To answer this question, the study examines the role of parents in forming a child’s personality, along with the role of teachers, peers, and village people as members of society. It finds that the novel portrays a picture of an abused child who is subject to sufferings and pains as imposed by society. He experiences the first layer of abuse from the family due to emotional disorder as his kind mother cannot make up for his father’s unforgiveness. The second environmental factor is school where he comes to hate knowledge as he is fired from classes. Also, his peers spark misery and rebellion in him. Finally, the people of the village torture him regularly. Mofid al-Wahsh's personality represents the character of numerous men who lived in such a repressive upbringing environment. The protagonist’s conduct is indeed is a natural reflection of the upbringing he received, an upbringing that is based on the oppression of the father in the patriarchal Eastern society, a society where mothers have no role but to cry.
Tawfiq Rezapour Mohaiseni, Hossein Mohtadi, Naser Zare, Seyed Haidar Fare Shirazi,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
Implicit Model is a fundametal concept on which cultural criticism is baed; as it deals with the function of a model in texts and discourses and examines the textual subconscious, and dismantles the academic rhetorical language that is far from social problems and facts of the social life. This model may be present in songs, costumes, fables, and proverbs, as it is in poems, stories, novels, and other forms of art. Beneath all these elements of implicit masculinity model, is a cultural system perceived by the listener, viewer, or reader because of its hidden adaptation to an older model fixed in the mind.This research tries to monitor and analyze the pattern of implicit masculinity in the novel "Salt Cities" written by Abd al-Rahman Munif, relying on the analytical-descriptive approach and in the light of cultural criticism that investigates implicit cultural patterns. In the sub-topics, the representations of masculinity in the novel Cities of Salt are such as: Power, having a male child, the inferiority of women and the superiority of men, and egoism or inflation of the ego. This study reached a series of results, the most important ones of which are: Abd al-Rahman Munif consciously and unconsciously put the model of masculinity behind the aesthetic and literary model and tried to focus on the margin in addition to the centrality.
Fatima Bouadhar, Hossein Mohtadi, Nasser Zare, Sayed Haider Faree Shirazi,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (4-2024)
Abstract
The narrative mode of Passages, a novel by Fatin Al-Murr, employs the focalization to establish the point of view presented in the story. This technique focuses on who observes the story rather than who narrates it. Gérard Genette identifies three levels of focalization: zero, internal, and exterior. In Passages focalization is utilized to depict two seemingly contradictory identities through the perspectives of two narrators (Darine and Najwa). Each character embodies a unique identity shaped by the Israeli occupation, representing the Palestinian Christian and Muslim communities in Lebanon and the refugee camps, as well as the Palestinian Muslim population. This study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach based on Gerard Genette's theory of focalization to examine the author's style in Passages and its portrayal of the reality of the Arab world during the Israeli occupation. This study identifies the presence of all three focalization patterns, with the perspectives of Darine and Najwa serving as primary vehicles for storytelling. The introspective narrative within the novel is predominantly channeled through Najwa's perspective, characterized by her profound understanding of the Palestinian conflict. Through a series of exchanged letters, Najwa endeavors to enlighten her Christian friend about the brutal massacres and injustices unfolding in Palestine.
Zeinab Mayahi, الدکتور رسول بلاوی, Rasoul Balavi, Dr. Hosein Mohtadi, Dr. Ali Khezri, Dr. Mohamad Javad Pourabed,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (1-2025)
Abstract
The language communication theory has recently achieved a significant foothold in critical studies. Roman Jakobson, a member of Prague school, has propounded influential linguistic “functions” and “factors” to examine poetic texts particularly. According to him, effective verbal communication should have the following factors: (1) context, (2) addresser (sender), (3) addressee (receiver), (4) contact, (5) common code, and (6) message. He has also proposed six distinct functions of language: referential, poetic, emotive, conative, phatic, and metalingual. Literary critics and scholars have paid particular attention to the narrative and dialogue nuances of modern novels. This study draws on Jakobson’s factors and functions in order to examine Rousha Dakhaz’s The Remnants by adopting an analytical-descriptive approach and referring to the American School of Comparative Literature. It identifies that cultural, political, and social references are the most utilized linguistic functions in the novel because it revolves around the events and incidents of war and political changes. With regard to the referential function, the author uses the first-person narrator to verbalize the characters’ emotions. With regard to the emotive function, the novelist has used second-person pronouns as well as imperative and interrogative pronouns in order to engage readers. The poetic and metalingual functions are the least used ones throughout the novel.
Abdoreza Naseri Asl, Hossein Mohtadi, Khodadad Bahri,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (4-2025)
Abstract
As Arabic novels have merged themselves with realism, they have become a medium to express significant issues reflecting the lived reality of Arab societies. Resistance literature also arose following the pivotal transformations in the Arab and Islamic worlds, especially after the setbacks faced by Arab states due to Zionist aggression on Arab territories, particularly Palestine and Southern Lebanon. These transformations tightly linked literature to social and political issues, as lived realities significantly impact literary genres, especially novels. Space plays a fundamental role in constructing a novel, not merely as a backdrop but as a framework that embodies the social reality and geographical and architectural components of villages and cities. The narrative space encompasses the domain where characters emerge and events unfold. It is a vital element in the events themselves, carrying a set of cultural, social, and intellectual values attributed to the characters. This is evident in the works of the Lebanese writer Abdul Majeed Zaraqet. His novel The Path of the Sun is a realistic work of resistance literature addressing social, cultural, and political issues inspired by the bitter reality of Southern Lebanon. It exemplifies the transformations in the region, including oppression, invasion, and displacement endured by the Palestinian and Southern Lebanese people. The author personally experienced this era of struggles and witnessed the Israeli invasion of Southern Lebanon, which forced him to migrate from his village to Beirut. This study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to pinpoint the social reality in Southern Lebanon and examine how the author depicted the features of the narrative space. It analyzes the social components of villages and cities through their geographical types—friendly, hostile, and neutral—and their impact on the novel’s characters, evoking feelings of security, stability, melancholy, fear, or neutrality. All these spaces play a fundamental role in shaping the novel and driving its events, as spatial dynamics influence the psychology, decisions, and conflicts of the characters, especially under the Israeli military’s aggression. Additionally, this diversity in spatial elements adds an aesthetic dimension to the novel’s text.
Zahra Rabieimohsen, Rasoul Balavi, Mohamad Javad Pourabed, Ali Khezri, Hosein Mohtadi,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (1-2026)
Abstract
One of the important topics of anthropology; It is the character that has a wide importance in story writing; Because narratology seeks to classify all events in a single type. The Holy Qur'an also has a special place in portraying characters, which describes artistic and literary characters. He has also used anecdotes to describe characters in many cases. Surah Kahf is one of the most important surahs of the Holy Qur'an in terms of portraying characters based on the theory of action and grimace. He is one of the theorists who tried to present a comprehensive model for all narratives by reducing the number of prop model actors. Analysis and re-examination of Quranic characters; It has a significant effect on the deeper and more understanding of this divine book based on new theories.In this essay, according to Grimas' interpretation of "actor" in these narratives, six main roles have been recovered, which are: actor or sender, assistant actor, main actor or subject, target, receiver or active and antagonist According to the investigation and research in numerous books, the structure of the main and real characters of the story of Surah Kahf can be criticized and analyzed in a descriptive-analytical way by using Grimas's model theory of action; Because its analysis is done according to the method of this theory, after identifying the narratives, the event position of the persons in the story is discussed.
