Ali Khaleghi , Ati Abiat,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (Spring & Sammer 2022)
Abstract
Critical discourse analysis is one of the advanced theories in the study of discourse that deals with language, and helps through text and speech to create social and political power. Norman Fairclough was the first to develop a study in the analysis of critical discourse. Ahmed Al-Saadawi, the Iraqi novelist (1973-till now) wrote the novel "Frankenstein in Baghdad" and won the Arab Booker Prize. Hadi Al-Atak (a seller of antiques in a neighborhood in central Baghdad), was collecting the remains of the victims of terrorist bombings during the winter of 2005, to paste these parts and produce a strange human being, who quickly rises to carry out a massive revenge and revenge against the criminals who killed its parts. The fates of intertwined personalities during the exciting pursuit in Baghdad and its neighborhoods. The research revolves around three levels: the first is the “description level” which deals with the external weaving of the text, the second is the “explanation level” which searches for the ideology found in the text of the novel, and the third is the “interpretation level” which is a study on The internal weaving of the text, and the idea and emotion are the significance of this text.We would like to summarize the results of the research: as follows: The description in the structure of the text The novel focuses on the element of repetition and intertextuality “another narration between this narration”, as well as in terms of resemblance to the phrases that distinguish the narration from the rest. Likewise, the level of explanation is limited to the ideology in which the events of the novel take place in one of the old Baghdad neighborhoods, in the Al-Batoun neighborhood, which is known for the mixing of its residents of different nationalities, sects and homogeneous sects. In terms of interpretation, emotion plays a positive role in this novel, as the disturbing facts of an explosion or other terrorist campaigns occur. The approach that we have adopted in this regard is the descriptive-analytic that deals with the novel "Frankenstein in Baghdad" in the light of Norman Fairclough's vision.
Assistant Professor Pouran Rezaei, Assistant Professor Ali Khaleghi,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (5-2026)
Abstract
Critical discourse analysis is one of the advanced methodologies in the study of discourse that deals with language. It helps, through the contribution of text and speech, to creating social and political authority. Norman Fairclough was the first to develop a study in critical discourse analysis. Hanna Minna, the Syrian novelist (1924-1991). His novels were concerned with social realism and class conflict. Part of his own experiences had a distinct impact on his writings about people’s daily suffering, as he did not stop embodying the bitter reality of his childhood, and considered it an inspiration for his novels. He wrote the novel “The Struggle of Two Women” in Dar Al-Adab Publications in 2007 AD, and “The Struggle of Two Women,” which is the second part of his novel “Haret Al-Shahadin.” Events appear mixed with the colors of life, love, jealousy, patriotism and sacrifice. Hanna Minna, in his entertaining narrative style, opens the window of history on the story of the heroic Syrian struggle against the French colonizer and his supporters from the people of Latakia, the destinies of intertwined characters during the exciting chase in Syria and its neighborhoods. The research revolves around three levels: The first is the “level of description,” which deals with the external weaving of the text. The second is the “level of explanation,” which searches for the ideology present in the text of the novel. The third is the “level of interpretation,” which is a study of the internal weaving of the text, and the idea and emotion are the meaning of this text. The approach we have adopted in this article is descriptive and analytical, which deals with the novel “The Struggle of Two Women” in the light of Norman Fairclough’s vision. One of the most important results that can be concluded in this research is that the description in the text structure of the novel focuses on the element of repetition, and intertextuality is “another novel between this novel.” And also, in terms of the similarity of phrases that distinguish the novel from the rest of it. The level of explanation that expresses the author's ideology was, the writer tells us about the struggle of the Syrians against the French occupation through two Syrian women and their struggle to excel in the struggle and at the same time for the heart of a man.
