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Faramarz Mirzaei, Ahmad Arefi, Eisa Mottaghi Zadeh,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (Spring and summer 2020)
Abstract
Indeed, the thought that forms the artistic egation in Syntax to Negation of Revolutionary Values: Aesthetic Analysis of Negation in The Second Dog War
view of the literary text organizes the syntactic composition in the text, so the only way to reach that thought is to understand the syntactic meanings derived from the syntactic composition. That is, whenever the view of pessimism prevails over the text, the meanings derived from the syntactic composition appropriate to that view prevail over the text. We observe this in the novel "The Second Dog War" by Palestinian novelist Ibrahim Nasrallah, which is dominated by pessimism, because the characters in the novel are very negative and opportunistic, In particular, the protagonist of the novel, Rashed, who transcends all moral and social values in the pursuit of her own interests, in such a way that she fights against the revolutionary values she fought for in the past, So she rejects all those values to the point that with the help of the officer, she changes from a prisoner to a jailer and cooperates with the officer with full skill in trading with humans. This denial of values and their rejection linguistically fits the style of denial So, this style has been used more in this novel than other syntactic styles in order to fit the pessimistic view of the novel and the three levels of language, including Narration, dialogue, and description. It is because of this pessimistic view that the style of negation has a high status in the novel, especially in the matter of similarities, which are becoming more and more present in the novel, to the extent that the distinction between the original things and their similarities despite their differences in nature, it becomes very difficult. This article seeks to examine the aesthetics of the negation style in order to reveal the appropriateness between the negation tools and the pessimistic view along with the three linguistic levels using analytical descriptive methods with the help of statistical style to conclude that the narrator in this novel, The negative style has been used 1759 times, thus 52%, which is quite commensurate with the prevailing pessimistic view of the novel and the resulting corruption of oppressive Palestinian systems, because in the novel there are negative opportunistic characters who do negative things in the way of realization. They benefit, especially the protagonist of The Novel Rashed, whose character is completely negative, to the point that he turns his positive character into an opportunistic negative character.
Dr. Masoud Bavanpouri, Dr. Abdolahad Gheibi, Dr. Khalil Parvini, Dr. Mahin Hajizadeh,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (Spring and summer 2021)
Abstract
Signs are important tool for conveying messages and consequently meaning in a wide range of dimensions in human life. Semiotics, by deciphering the signs in various phenomena, has has contributed to the explaination and identification of signs in human life. Ebrahim Nasrollah has written numerous literary works which have been warmly received in prestigious festivals and falls. For instance, the writer has won the Arab Poker Prize for Harb al-Kalb al-Thaniyah. This study draws on semiotics in order to examine the representation and classification of non-verbal behavior in this novel. In this fantasy novel, which deals with fear and anxiety, the writer has used semantic fields related to anger, anxiety, fear and surprise. The author has also a special ability in characterization and staging as he uses various elements to create a terrifying and anxious atmosphere.
It is observed that the author has used 135 non-verbal cues in this novel, with replacement and emphasis respectively as the most and least frequent ones. The results indicate that the speaker plays the most important role in conveying the meanings of non-verbal cues. The novelist has used different semantic domains in various situations. Anger and, consequently, shouting is one of the most prominent themes used in this novel. The fear and anxiety about being like each other fills people with hatred. In addition to these cases, Rashid's love for his wife is an insatiable one. In different parts of the story, thinking also has an imprtant role. Surprise is the other element that permeates the novel. It is observed that Nasrallah has a special capabiltity in inviting the audience to read the novel given his ability in characterization and staging.
Faramarz Mirzaei , Khalil Parvini, Zahra Rezaei,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (Spring & Sammer 2022)
Abstract
It is important to tell the history for children in the form of a story instead of a soulless and direct report. Because the story has magical tools, including character structurizing, which has attracted the attention of the audience and made it a suitable educational tool for teaching history to children. Abdul-Tawab Yossef teaches the history of Islam to children by using the art of story in his collection of stories (20 stories from the life of Prophet Muhammad). Among the author's tricks in teaching history is the design of fictional characters and their structurizing in the form of objects and animals. This collection of stories is a historical novel about the life of the Messenger of God, which narrates the real events of his life relying on artistic structures. The center of these artistic structures is character structurizing, which has been used for easy understanding of history. The narrator in these stories is designed objects and animals that the author has given life to so that they assume the dignity of humans and living creatures and narrate events from their observations as fictional characters. Based on the descriptive analytical method, this research examines 6 stories from this collection of stories and investigates how to use characters to facilitate the understanding of history and to express it in an easy way to children. The stories in this collection are divided into two parts: human characters that are taken from the history of Islam and have the role of documenting historical events in the story. The second division is fictional characters who play the role of narrators who, as witnesses, narrate the events as they happened. The author chose these characters to attract the attention of the audience to make it easy for the child to understand history by mixing reality with amazing imagination. Especially, he has established a close relationship between those historical events and the structurizing of the characters, which can fulfill the responsibility of the narrative well.
Kobra Roshanfekr , Samira Heidarirad,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (Spring & Sammer 2022)
Abstract
The female biography plays a significant role in expressing the ideology of the female writer and shows the importance of women writers in relation to the important issues of the society. In other words; the writing of female autobiography is different from other types of literature because it directly emphasizes the essence of women in the face of the patriarchal society and is the best way to depict the concerns of women, especially Arab women. The current research is trying to examine the biography of the Egyptian writer Razavi "Al-Sarkha" based on the descriptive-analytical approach and relying on cultural criticism. "Sarkha" is the second part of the book "Asqal Man Razavi" in which he combines the experience of his personal life and the political events of the country. In other words, he portrays his severe illness, which is associated with the unsettled conditions of Egypt in 2010-2013. The most important results of the research are: Razavi Ashour is an intellectual writer who in his biography talks about women who had a deep influence on the formation of his personal experience. Also, culture and society play a significant role in the formation of Arab women's identity. Razavi's main concern in the issue of women is the issue of women's education, and he wants to make reforms in the field of freedom of expression in the Arab society.
Alaa Fleayyih Hasan Al-Zuhairi, Faramarz Mirzaei, Hadi Nazari Monazam, Kobra Roshanfekr,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
The discourse is a group of words that define patterns of behavior, and affect community life negatively and positively. Therefore, the discourse of power penetrated all economic, political, cultural and even psychological issues, and since the novel is a narrative world that evokes what appears from the reality of society and what is hidden from it, it cannot be analyzed in isolation from the discourse Authority. The discourse of power has a distinct presence in the narrative formation in the novels of Hamid Al-Aqabi, especially in the formation of the active structure. Because it is the most influential of the system of power and its dominant discourse. The research tries to show the most important features of authority and the influence of various characters in Hamid Aqabi's novels. The issue of the study imposed on us the use of the analytical descriptive approach, in general, and the formative structural approach as a narrative approach for analyzing the fictional discourse, relying on the tools of induction, deduction and interpretation. Two novels " Eqtafi 'athari " and " Alfiran " were chosen for their treatment of the political system of power and the dominant phenomena, according to what the characters require in order to draw conclusions and understand them. The research reached several results, the most important of which are: that power did not only affect the living conditions, but also affected behaviors and impressions, and this discourse became pervasive in the fabric of society, and the defeated characters were more effective than the characters belonging to the two novels, and Al-Aqabi tried to portray the negative impact of power. On fictional characters such as fragmentation, loss of identity, and severe psychological crises.
Kobra Roshanfekr, Nazal Hasan Jatool, Hadi Nazarimonazam, Maha Halal Mohammad,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (12-2023)
Abstract
As each text is essentially a mosaic made up of quotations from other texts, intertextuality indicates the presence of multiple voices in literary texts. A given text, accordingly, is purely a reproduction of previous cumulative experiences, collected and coalesced into the new textual structure which dwells on previous texts that were disparate, multiple, and diverse in nature. Every text is intertextual, because the text appears in a world full of texts (previous texts, texts surrounding it, and others present in it), and its central strategy is deconstruction for rebuilding.
Fatemeh Solgi, Kobra Roshanfekr, Faramarz Mirzaie,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (6-2024)
Abstract
As an artistic technique, narration represents reality and depicts the story of societies and individuals. In contemporary Iraqi fiction, narration is utilized to portray and visualize the pain and suffering of Iraq and its citizens in a very tangible manner by drawing on reality and human emotions. In this context, language plays a pivotal role in showcasing the realities in contemporary Iraq. Stylistics, as a critical approach, pinpoints different and multifaceted linguistic features of a literary text. The Iraqi novel constitutes an important part of the contemporary Arabic narrative and holds a special place in Arabic literature. Recently, the social novel has achieved a considerable foothold in Iraqi fiction. This study examines the portrayal of Iraqi people’s pain and suffering in Maysalun Hadi’s A Light Pink Dream (2009) from a stylistic point of view. Also, this study addressed the distinguishing characteristics of the author’s style as observable in the novel. The main objective of this study is to pinpoint the characteristics of the Iraqi novel after 2003 and analyze the linguistic stylistics of the case study novel, focusing on the pain and suffering of the Iraqi people. It adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the novel at the levels of composition, rhetoric, and implication. It finds that the author draws on a variety of stylistic devices to share her personal and social experiences in the realm of narration. The novel makes an idiosyncratic use of language in that it utilizes compositional, rhetorical, and implicative components to showcase the pain and suffering of Iraqi people under the shadow of war, occupation, and political and social crises.
Soraya Rahimi, Jahangir Valadbeigi,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (1-2025)
Abstract
The study of the epistemological and philosophical foundations that have accompanied critical methodologies is the key to comprehending critical theories and understanding their core theoretical concepts and practical procedures before applying them in the field of criticism. It is imperative not to regard methodologies such as narratology merely as analytical tools for interpreting literary discourses. These methodologies have drawn upon a variety of philosophical sources in constructing their critical projects, beginning with Aristotle and extending to contemporary horizons manifest in postmodern theories. Their roots can be traced to a range of philosophical traditions, including objectivist philosophies, logical positivism, Hegelian phenomenology, and Kantian principles of subjectivity. From this perspective, the objective of this is to highlight the importance of understanding the philosophical foundations of narratology and the issue of knowledge ownership in understanding literary texts, particularly the sacred Qur'anic discourse, through the use of its critical methodologies. It adopts a descriptive-analytical approach by examining the key philosophical backgrounds that have accompanied narratology throughout its historical development and analyzing its application in certain critical models. The research concludes that there are concepts from narratology that contribute to its critical framework, such as the death of the author, the negation of the human subject leading to the dismissal of characters in fiction, and the infinity of meaning—concepts that conflict with the structure of the Qur'anic text. The presence of the author within the Qur'anic discourse and the living, active characters who move within its narrative space cannot be considered as mere fictional constructs. This issue is further evident in the study of the narrator within the Qur'anic discourse, relying on the narratological model. The use of this methodology risks diminishing the sanctity of the Qur'anic text due to a mechanical application of the method, without considering the fundamental differences between the Qur'anic narrator and the human author in literary texts. Although the research does not deny the potential benefit of analytical methods introduced by narratology, particularly from structuralism and its subsequent stages, it emphasizes the necessity of understanding critical models in their philosophical foundations and epistemological dimensions to effectively engage with the Qur'anic discourse. Utilizing this approach involves a conscious choice that merges both cognitive and ideological considerations, where the outcomes are intrinsically linked to its philosophical and theoretical premises.
