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Amirsoleymani S, Abuali R. Legitimization and Delegitimization in Khalil Hassan Khalil’s Ayyam al-khawf and Al-Khalas. san 2026; 7 (1) :5-26
URL: http://san.khu.ac.ir/article-1-401-en.html
URL: http://san.khu.ac.ir/article-1-401-en.html
1- Allameh Tabataba`i University, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, Tehran, Iran , shahrzad.soleyman@yahoo.com
2- Allameh Tabataba`i University, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages Tehran, Iran
2- Allameh Tabataba`i University, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (666 Views)
Legitimization is a conscious choice that individuals adopt in their everyday life to justify their behavior and the roles they play in society. For this reason, a person is forced to rely on sources to create and strengthen this legitimacy among others. The process of legitimization and delegitimization is very important in critical discourse analysis as it allows us to identify how discourses legitimize or delegitimize social actors, their behaviors and goals. This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach by drawing on van Leeuwen’s theory of legitimization and delegitimization in order to reveal the strategies employed by discourse producer to legitimize or delegitimize in his discourse. Van Leeuwen has proposed four techniques for legitimization, which includes authorization, legitimation, mythopoeia, and moral evaluation. Each of these techniques can function individually or in tandem. In this research, Khalil Hassan Khalil's novels, which depict the lives of oppressed and marginalized individuals, have been analyzed based on Van Leeuwen's model of legitimization and delegitimization. It finds that the effect-oriented technique from the instrumental legitimation category, and the techniques of mythopoeia and expert authority, and the role model authority and tradition authority as types of authorization, and evaluation with its two sub-components, namely comparison and moral evaluation, play a significant role in legitimizing and delegitimizing a subject within this discourse. This research also shows that through these strategies, Khalil Hassan Khalil has legitimized issues such as freedom, justice, equality, courage, and the formation of a just society. He has also delegitimized issues such as exploitation, the capitalist system, and the fear of those in power and other topics.
Keywords: Arabic narratology, Ayyam al-khawf, Al-Khalas, Khalil Hassan Khalil, Van Leeuwen, legitimization, delegitimization
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