Analyzing Transindividual Subject in Zina Based on the Theory of Lucien Goldmann

Authors
Khadijeh Zarei
Jamil Jafari
Ministry of Science
Abstract
The human being, as a social creature, is always connected to the class in which they live. This class is shaped by social structures, relations of production, and the relationships between masters, servants, and the means of production within the context of society. Society and the family, as the two primary institutions of social organization, provide the foundation for the formation and development of the social individual. This research, employing a descriptive-analytical approach, examines the novel Zina within the framework of Lucien Goldmann’s theory of the “transindividual subject”. The results indicate that the novel, by depicting various social classes—including the deprived, the intellectuals, and the rulers—critiques the political and social structure of Egypt, as well as the interventions of the state and religious and cultural groups. From a social perspective, the novel addresses issues such as the deprivation of women’s freedom, the deepening of class divisions, and social contradictions; through the portrayal of conflict between different classes, it highlights the structural inequalities of society and emphasizes the necessity of redefining the true position of women in society. Moreover, by drawing upon social and historical concepts, the novel offers a reflection of collective class consciousness and, from the perspective of transindividual subjects, exposes cultural plundering and economic exploitation.
Keywords
Arabic Narratology
Lucien Goldmann, Transindividual Subject, Sociological Criticism, Zina, Class Consciousness
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