Volume 1, Issue 1 (2019)
san 2019, 1(1): 239-259 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Giti S, Yousefi F. The Dialectic of Character and Space in Hina Tarakna Al-jisr
. san 2019; 1 (1) :239-259
URL: http://san.khu.ac.ir/article-1-105-en.html
URL: http://san.khu.ac.ir/article-1-105-en.html
Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Mohaghegh Ardabili University , sh_giti@uma.ac.ir
Abstract: (1695 Views)
The relationship between the place and the human being is a very strong and special one, because when a man loses his place, he loses his calm and tranquility. The place is the source of security and tranquility, as the source of aversion, fear and despair. The fictional world created by the novelist is not excepted to that. If we recognize that the character is the active factor in constructing the narratives and generating the facts, and in order to realizing these events and movements of characters, there must be a local theater in which these events take place and the characters move on. And the feelings of the characters and their impressions are different to it, whether positive or negative. In view of the novel Hina Tarakna Al-jisr (when we left the bridge) by Abdurrahman Munif, we note that the writer, like the other gifted novelists, employs the place - as an artistic agent and links Zaki Al-nadawi - the main character - to the place. So that, determines the world- place in which this character lives, with his thoughts, opinions, feelings and emotions embodied in the place, an artistic embodiment establishing a strong relationship between character and the place, so that the reader clearly sees that the place affects him as well as the character affects it.
References
1. استیس،والتر ترنس، (1382) فلسفه هگل، ترجمه حمید عنایت، چاپ هشتم،شرکت انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی.
2. باشلار، غاستون، (1984م)، جمالیات المکان، ترجمة غالب هلسا، ،ط 2، بیروت،لبنان، الموسسة الجامعیة للدراسات و النشر و التوزیع.
3. بحراوی، حسن، (1990م)، بنیة الشکل الروائی(الفضاء-الزمن-الشخصیة)، الطبعة الأولی، بیروت، المرکز الثقافی العربی.
4. براهنی، رضا،(1368)، قصه نویسی، چاپ چهارم، نشر البرز.
5. بورنوف، رولان و اوئيليه، ريال، (1991م)، عالم الروایة، ترجمة نهاد التكرلي، مراجعة فؤاد التكرلي، محسن الموسوي، الطبعة الأولی، بغداد، دار الشؤون الثقافية العامة.
6. زعتیر، حمادة ترکی، (2013م)، جماليات المكان في الشعر العباسي، الطبعة الأولی، عمان، دار الرضوان للنشر والتوزيع.
7. زیتونی، لطیف، (2002م)، معجم مصطلحات نقد الروایة، الطبعة الأولی، مکتبة لبنان ناشرون.
8. قاسم، سیزا، (2004م)، بناء الروایة، دراسة مقارنة فی "ثلاثیة" نجیب محفوظ، القاهرة، المهرجان القراءة للجمیع.
9. کاصد، سلمان، (2003م)، عالم النص: دراسه بنیویه فی الأدب القصصی (فؤاد التکرلی نموذجا‌ً )، أردن، دارالکندی.
10. مرتاض، عبدالملک، ( 1998م)، فی نظریة الروایة. بحث فی تقنیة السرد.بیروت.عالم الفکر.
11. مبروک، مرادعبدالرحمن، (2003م)، آلیات السرد فی الروایة العربیة المعاصرة، الروایة النوبیة نموذجًا، القاهرة، الهيئة العامة لقصور الثقافة.
12. منیف، عبدالرحمن، (1978م)، روایة حین ترکنا الجسر، الطبعة الرابعة، بیروت، موسسة العربیة للدراسات و النشر.
13. النابلسی، شاکر، (1991م)، مدار الصحراء: دراسة في أدب عبد الرحمن منيف، بیروت، المؤسسة العربية للدراسات والنشر والتوزيع.
14. نبیه، القاسم، (2005م)، الفن الروائی عند عبدالرحمن منیف، الطبعة الأولی، دارالهدی للطباعة والنشر.
15. النصير، ياسين، (1980م)، الرواية والمکان، بغداد، دارالشؤون الثقافیة.
16. هلسا، غالب، (1989م (، المکان فی الروایة العربیة، ط 1، دمشق، دار ابن هانی.
17. وتار، محمد ریاض، (1999م)، شخصیة المثقف فی الروایة العربیة السوریة، دمشق، منشورات اتحاد کتاب العرب.
18. ويلك، رینه و وارين، (1985م)، نظرية الأدب، ترجمة محيي الدين صبحي، الطبعة الثالثة، بیروت، المؤسسة العربية للدراسات و النشر.
19. یقطین، سعید، (1997م)، قال الراوی. البنیات الحکائیة فی السیرة الشعبیة، الطبعة الأولی، المغرب، المرکز الثقافی العربی.
20. یوسف، آمنة، (2015م)، تقنیات السرد فی النظریة و التطبیق، الطبعة الثانیة، المؤسسة العربیة للدراسات و النشر.
21. یونسی، ابراهيم، (1382)، هنر داستان نویسی، چاپ هفتم، مؤسسه انتشارات نگاه.
22. Jean. Eder,) 2010(. Characters in fictional worlds: understanding imaginary beings in -literature, film, and other media, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/New York. [DOI:10.1515/9783110232424.1.3]
23. Kuiper, Kathleen, )2012. ( Prose: literary terms and concepts, (The Britannica guide to literary elements). Encyclopedia Britannica.
24. Mikics, David, )2007(New Handbook of Literary Terms, Yale university press.
25. Al-Nabulsi, Shaker, (1991), Tropic of the Desert: A Study in the Literature of Abd al-Rahman Munif, Beirut, Arab Foundation for Studies, Publishing and Distribution. [In Arabic].
26. Al-Naseer, Yassin, (1980), The Novel and the Place, Baghdad, House of Cultural Affairs. [In Arabic].
27. Bachelard, Gaston, (1984), The Aesthetics of Place, translated by Ghalib Helsa, 2nd edition, Beirut, Lebanon, University Institute for Studies, Publication, and Distribution. [In Arabic].
28. Bahrawi, Hassan, (1990), The Structure of Narrative Form (Space-Time-Personality), First Edition, Beirut, Arab Cultural Center. [In Arabic].
29. Braheni, Reza, (1989), Writing the Story, Fourth Edition, Alborz Publishing. [In Persian].
30. Bornov, Roland and Ueli, Real, (1991), The World of the Novel, translated by Nihad al-Takrli, Fouad al-Takrli's review, Mohsen al-Musawi, first edition, Baghdad, House of General Cultural Affairs. [In Arabic].
31. Helsa, Ghalib, (1989), The Place in the Arabic Novel, 1st edition, Damascus, Ibn Hani House. [In Arabic].
32. Jean.Eder, (2010), Characters in fictional worlds: understanding imaginary beings in -literature, film, and other media, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/New York. [DOI:10.1515/9783110232424.1.3]
33. Kased, Salman, (2003), the text of the text: a structural study in fiction (Fouad Al-Takrali as a model),
34. Jordan, Dar Al-Kindany. [In Arabic].
35. Kuiper, Kathleen, (2012), Prose: literary terms and concepts, (The Britannica guide to literary elements). Encyclopedia Britannica.
36. Mabrouk, Murad Abd al-Rahman, (2003), narrative mechanisms in the contemporary Arab narrative, the Nubian narration as a model, Cairo, the general body of palaces of culture. [In Arabic].
37. Mikics, David, (2007), New Handbook of Literary Terms, Yale university press,
38. Murtada, Abdul-Malik, (1998), in the theory of the novel. Research in narration technology, Beirut, the world of thought. [In Arabic].
39. Munif, Abd al-Rahman, (1978), a novel when we left the bridge, fourth edition, Beirut, Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing. [In Arabic].
40. Nabih, Al-Qasim, (2005), Novel Art by Abdul Rahman Munif, first edition, Dar Al-Huda Printing and Publishing. [In Arabic].
41. Qasim, Siza, (2004), building the novel, a comparative study in the "trilogy" of Naguib Mahfouz, Cairo, the reading festival for all. [In Arabic].
42. Terence Stace, Walter, (2003) Hegel's Philosophy, translated by Hamid Enayat, eighth edition, Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company. [In Persian].
43. Wettar, Muhammad Riyad, (1999), the personality of the intellectual in the Syrian Arab novel, Damascus, publications of the Arab Writers :union:. [In Arabic].
44. Wilk and Warren, (1985), Literature Theory, translated by Mohieddine Sobhi, third edition, Beirut, Arab Foundation for Studies and Publishing. [In Arabic].
45. Yektan, Sa'id, (1997), the narrator said. The Narrative Structures in the Popular Biography, First Edition, Morocco, Arab Cultural Center. [In Arabic].
46. Younesi, Ebrahim, (2003), The Art of Fiction, Seventh Edition, Negah Publishing Institute. [In Persian].
47. Youssef, Amna, (2015), Narration Techniques in Theory and Practice, Second Edition, Arab Foundation for Studies and Publishing. [In Arabic].
48. Zaatar, Hamada Turki, (2013), Aesthetics of the Place in the Abbasid Poetry, First Edition, Amman, Dar Al-Radwan for Publishing and Distribution. [In Arabic].
49. Zitouni, Latif, (2002), A Dictionary of Glossary of Criticism of the Novel, First Edition, Library of Lebanon Publishers. [In Arabic].
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
