Comparative Analysis of Characterization in the Two Plays Ṣawt al Ḥusayn and Khorshid e Kāravān

This study presents a comparative analysis of character construction in two ShiÊ¿ite religious plays: “á¹¢awt al‑Ḥusayn” by Reza al‑Khafaji and “Khorshid‑e‑Kāravān” (The Sun of the Caravan) by Mehdi Mottavasseli. It examines how dialogue functions as a structural and psychological device shaping ideological depth and emotional transformation. The study employs a descriptive‑analytical and qualitative method, with data drawn from the dialogues and stage actions in the “Monastery Scene.” The theoretical framework is built upon the principles of comparative literature and dramatic analysis through a three‑level model involving action, emotion, and ideological conflict. Findings reveal that in á¹¢awt al‑Ḥusayn, dialogue accentuates external and ideological struggles, whereas in Khorshid‑e‑Kāravān, it highlights internal transformation and emotional depth of religious characters. The study concludes that both works successfully represent dimensions of religious characters: the former excels in external ideological structure, and the latter in inner emotional depth. Overall, the research proposes a three‑level analytical model for character analysis in Ashura‑themed drama, offering a novel contribution to comparative studies between Arabic and Persian theatrical literature.